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| CVE | Vendors | Products | Updated | CVSS v3.1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2025-68375 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf/x86: Fix NULL event access and potential PEBS record loss When intel_pmu_drain_pebs_icl() is called to drain PEBS records, the perf_event_overflow() could be called to process the last PEBS record. While perf_event_overflow() could trigger the interrupt throttle and stop all events of the group, like what the below call-chain shows. perf_event_overflow() -> __perf_event_overflow() ->__perf_event_account_interrupt() -> perf_event_throttle_group() -> perf_event_throttle() -> event->pmu->stop() -> x86_pmu_stop() The side effect of stopping the events is that all corresponding event pointers in cpuc->events[] array are cleared to NULL. Assume there are two PEBS events (event a and event b) in a group. When intel_pmu_drain_pebs_icl() calls perf_event_overflow() to process the last PEBS record of PEBS event a, interrupt throttle is triggered and all pointers of event a and event b are cleared to NULL. Then intel_pmu_drain_pebs_icl() tries to process the last PEBS record of event b and encounters NULL pointer access. To avoid this issue, move cpuc->events[] clearing from x86_pmu_stop() to x86_pmu_del(). It's safe since cpuc->active_mask or cpuc->pebs_enabled is always checked before access the event pointer from cpuc->events[]. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68735 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/panthor: Prevent potential UAF in group creation This commit prevents the possibility of a use after free issue in the GROUP_CREATE ioctl function, which arose as pointer to the group is accessed in that ioctl function after storing it in the Xarray. A malicious userspace can second guess the handle of a group and try to call GROUP_DESTROY ioctl from another thread around the same time as GROUP_CREATE ioctl. To prevent the use after free exploit, this commit uses a mark on an entry of group pool Xarray which is added just before returning from the GROUP_CREATE ioctl function. The mark is checked for all ioctls that specify the group handle and so userspace won't be abe to delete a group that isn't marked yet. v2: Add R-bs and fixes tags | ||||
| CVE-2025-68732 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpu: host1x: Fix race in syncpt alloc/free Fix race condition between host1x_syncpt_alloc() and host1x_syncpt_put() by using kref_put_mutex() instead of kref_put() + manual mutex locking. This ensures no thread can acquire the syncpt_mutex after the refcount drops to zero but before syncpt_release acquires it. This prevents races where syncpoints could be allocated while still being cleaned up from a previous release. Remove explicit mutex locking in syncpt_release as kref_put_mutex() handles this atomically. | ||||
| CVE-2023-54189 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pstore/ram: Add check for kstrdup Add check for the return value of kstrdup() and return the error if it fails in order to avoid NULL pointer dereference. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40265 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 4.1 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfat: fix missing sb_min_blocksize() return value checks When emulating an nvme device on qemu with both logical_block_size and physical_block_size set to 8 KiB, but without format, a kernel panic was triggered during the early boot stage while attempting to mount a vfat filesystem. [95553.682035] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.684326] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.686501] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.696448] ISOFS: unsupported/invalid hardware sector size 8192 [95553.697117] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [95553.697567] kernel BUG at fs/buffer.c:1582! [95553.697984] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [95553.698602] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 7212 Comm: mount Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.18.0-rc2+ #38 PREEMPT(voluntary) [95553.699511] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [95553.700534] RIP: 0010:folio_alloc_buffers+0x1bb/0x1c0 [95553.701018] Code: 48 8b 15 e8 93 18 02 65 48 89 35 e0 93 18 02 48 83 c4 10 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d 31 d2 31 c9 31 f6 31 ff c3 cc cc cc cc <0f> 0b 90 66 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 0f [95553.702648] RSP: 0018:ffffd1b0c676f990 EFLAGS: 00010246 [95553.703132] RAX: ffff8cfc4176d820 RBX: 0000000000508c48 RCX: 0000000000000001 [95553.703805] RDX: 0000000000002000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 [95553.704481] RBP: ffffd1b0c676f9c8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [95553.705148] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000001 [95553.705816] R13: 0000000000002000 R14: fffff8bc8257e800 R15: 0000000000000000 [95553.706483] FS: 000072ee77315840(0000) GS:ffff8cfdd2c8d000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [95553.707248] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [95553.707782] CR2: 00007d8f2a9e5a20 CR3: 0000000039d0c006 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [95553.708439] PKRU: 55555554 [95553.708734] Call Trace: [95553.709015] <TASK> [95553.709266] __getblk_slow+0xd2/0x230 [95553.709641] ? find_get_block_common+0x8b/0x530 [95553.710084] bdev_getblk+0x77/0xa0 [95553.710449] __bread_gfp+0x22/0x140 [95553.710810] fat_fill_super+0x23a/0xfc0 [95553.711216] ? __pfx_setup+0x10/0x10 [95553.711580] ? __pfx_vfat_fill_super+0x10/0x10 [95553.712014] vfat_fill_super+0x15/0x30 [95553.712401] get_tree_bdev_flags+0x141/0x1e0 [95553.712817] get_tree_bdev+0x10/0x20 [95553.713177] vfat_get_tree+0x15/0x20 [95553.713550] vfs_get_tree+0x2a/0x100 [95553.713910] vfs_cmd_create+0x62/0xf0 [95553.714273] __do_sys_fsconfig+0x4e7/0x660 [95553.714669] __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.715062] x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.715453] do_syscall_64+0x80/0x670 [95553.715816] ? __fs_parse+0x65/0x1e0 [95553.716172] ? fat_parse_param+0x103/0x4b0 [95553.716587] ? vfs_parse_fs_param_source+0x21/0xa0 [95553.717034] ? __do_sys_fsconfig+0x3d9/0x660 [95553.717548] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.717957] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.718360] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.718734] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.719141] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.719545] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.719922] ? x64_sys_call+0x1405/0x26a0 [95553.720317] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.720702] ? __x64_sys_close+0x3e/0x90 [95553.721080] ? x64_sys_call+0x1b5e/0x26a0 [95553.721478] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.721841] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50 [95553.722211] ? exc_page_fault+0x90/0x1b0 [95553.722681] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [95553.723166] RIP: 0033:0x72ee774f3afe [95553.723562] Code: 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 0a 33 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 49 89 ca b8 af 01 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d da 32 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 [95553.725188] RSP: 002b:00007ffe97148978 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000001af [95553.725892] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: ---truncated--- | ||||
| CVE-2025-40262 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: imx_sc_key - fix memory corruption on unload This is supposed to be "priv" but we accidentally pass "&priv" which is an address in the stack and so it will lead to memory corruption when the imx_sc_key_action() function is called. Remove the &. | ||||
| CVE-2025-40260 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix scx_enable() crash on helper kthread creation failure A crash was observed when the sched_ext selftests runner was terminated with Ctrl+\ while test 15 was running: NIP [c00000000028fa58] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x358/0x12b0 LR [c00000000028fa2c] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 Call Trace: scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 (unreliable) bpf_struct_ops_link_create+0x18c/0x22c __sys_bpf+0x23f8/0x3044 sys_bpf+0x2c/0x6c system_call_exception+0x124/0x320 system_call_vectored_common+0x15c/0x2ec kthread_run_worker() returns an ERR_PTR() on failure rather than NULL, but the current code in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() only checks for a NULL helper. Incase of failure on SIGQUIT, the error is not handled in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() and scx_enable() ends up dereferencing an error pointer. Error handling is fixed in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() to propagate PTR_ERR() into ret, so that scx_enable() jumps to the existing error path, avoiding random dereference on failure. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68737 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arm64/pageattr: Propagate return value from __change_memory_common The rodata=on security measure requires that any code path which does vmalloc -> set_memory_ro/set_memory_rox must protect the linear map alias too. Therefore, if such a call fails, we must abort set_memory_* and caller must take appropriate action; currently we are suppressing the error, and there is a real chance of such an error arising post commit a166563e7ec3 ("arm64: mm: support large block mapping when rodata=full"). Therefore, propagate any error to the caller. | ||||
| CVE-2022-50644 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: ti: dra7-atl: Fix reference leak in of_dra7_atl_clk_probe pm_runtime_get_sync() will increment pm usage counter. Forgetting to putting operation will result in reference leak. Add missing pm_runtime_put_sync in some error paths. | ||||
| CVE-2023-54146 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/kexec: Fix double-free of elf header buffer After b3e34a47f989 ("x86/kexec: fix memory leak of elf header buffer"), freeing image->elf_headers in the error path of crash_load_segments() is not needed because kimage_file_post_load_cleanup() will take care of that later. And not clearing it could result in a double-free. Drop the superfluous vfree() call at the error path of crash_load_segments(). | ||||
| CVE-2023-54130 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfs/hfsplus: avoid WARN_ON() for sanity check, use proper error handling Commit 55d1cbbbb29e ("hfs/hfsplus: use WARN_ON for sanity check") fixed a build warning by turning a comment into a WARN_ON(), but it turns out that syzbot then complains because it can trigger said warning with a corrupted hfs image. The warning actually does warn about a bad situation, but we are much better off just handling it as the error it is. So rather than warn about us doing bad things, stop doing the bad things and return -EIO. While at it, also fix a memory leak that was introduced by an earlier fix for a similar syzbot warning situation, and add a check for one case that historically wasn't handled at all (ie neither comment nor subsequent WARN_ON). | ||||
| CVE-2023-53809 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: l2tp: Avoid possible recursive deadlock in l2tp_tunnel_register() When a file descriptor of pppol2tp socket is passed as file descriptor of UDP socket, a recursive deadlock occurs in l2tp_tunnel_register(). This situation is reproduced by the following program: int main(void) { int sock; struct sockaddr_pppol2tp addr; sock = socket(AF_PPPOX, SOCK_DGRAM, PX_PROTO_OL2TP); if (sock < 0) { perror("socket"); return 1; } addr.sa_family = AF_PPPOX; addr.sa_protocol = PX_PROTO_OL2TP; addr.pppol2tp.pid = 0; addr.pppol2tp.fd = sock; addr.pppol2tp.addr.sin_family = PF_INET; addr.pppol2tp.addr.sin_port = htons(0); addr.pppol2tp.addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.1"); addr.pppol2tp.s_tunnel = 1; addr.pppol2tp.s_session = 0; addr.pppol2tp.d_tunnel = 0; addr.pppol2tp.d_session = 0; if (connect(sock, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) { perror("connect"); return 1; } return 0; } This program causes the following lockdep warning: ============================================ WARNING: possible recursive locking detected 6.2.0-rc5-00205-gc96618275234 #56 Not tainted -------------------------------------------- repro/8607 is trying to acquire lock: ffff8880213c8130 (sk_lock-AF_PPPOX){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: l2tp_tunnel_register+0x2b7/0x11c0 but task is already holding lock: ffff8880213c8130 (sk_lock-AF_PPPOX){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: pppol2tp_connect+0xa82/0x1a30 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(sk_lock-AF_PPPOX); lock(sk_lock-AF_PPPOX); *** DEADLOCK *** May be due to missing lock nesting notation 1 lock held by repro/8607: #0: ffff8880213c8130 (sk_lock-AF_PPPOX){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: pppol2tp_connect+0xa82/0x1a30 stack backtrace: CPU: 0 PID: 8607 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.2.0-rc5-00205-gc96618275234 #56 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.1-2.fc37 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x100/0x178 __lock_acquire.cold+0x119/0x3b9 ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x410/0x410 lock_acquire+0x1e0/0x610 ? l2tp_tunnel_register+0x2b7/0x11c0 ? lock_downgrade+0x710/0x710 ? __fget_files+0x283/0x3e0 lock_sock_nested+0x3a/0xf0 ? l2tp_tunnel_register+0x2b7/0x11c0 l2tp_tunnel_register+0x2b7/0x11c0 ? sprintf+0xc4/0x100 ? l2tp_tunnel_del_work+0x6b0/0x6b0 ? debug_object_deactivate+0x320/0x320 ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x16d/0x7a0 ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x16d/0x7a0 ? l2tp_tunnel_create+0x2bf/0x4b0 ? l2tp_tunnel_create+0x3c6/0x4b0 pppol2tp_connect+0x14e1/0x1a30 ? pppol2tp_put_sk+0xd0/0xd0 ? aa_sk_perm+0x2b7/0xa80 ? aa_af_perm+0x260/0x260 ? bpf_lsm_socket_connect+0x9/0x10 ? pppol2tp_put_sk+0xd0/0xd0 __sys_connect_file+0x14f/0x190 __sys_connect+0x133/0x160 ? __sys_connect_file+0x190/0x190 ? lockdep_hardirqs_on+0x7d/0x100 ? ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64+0x1b7/0x200 ? ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64+0x147/0x200 ? __audit_syscall_entry+0x396/0x500 __x64_sys_connect+0x72/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x38/0xb0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd This patch fixes the issue by getting/creating the tunnel before locking the pppol2tp socket. | ||||
| CVE-2023-54092 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: s390: pv: fix index value of replaced ASCE The index field of the struct page corresponding to a guest ASCE should be 0. When replacing the ASCE in s390_replace_asce(), the index of the new ASCE should also be set to 0. Having the wrong index might lead to the wrong addresses being passed around when notifying pte invalidations, and eventually to validity intercepts (VM crash) if the prefix gets unmapped and the notifier gets called with the wrong address. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68730 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/ivpu: Fix page fault in ivpu_bo_unbind_all_bos_from_context() Don't add BO to the vdev->bo_list in ivpu_gem_create_object(). When failure happens inside drm_gem_shmem_create(), the BO is not fully created and ivpu_gem_bo_free() callback will not be called causing a deleted BO to be left on the list. | ||||
| CVE-2023-54076 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix missed ses refcounting Use new cifs_smb_ses_inc_refcount() helper to get an active reference of @ses and @ses->dfs_root_ses (if set). This will prevent @ses->dfs_root_ses of being put in the next call to cifs_put_smb_ses() and thus potentially causing an use-after-free bug. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68306 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btusb: mediatek: Fix kernel crash when releasing mtk iso interface When performing reset tests and encountering abnormal card drop issues that lead to a kernel crash, it is necessary to perform a null check before releasing resources to avoid attempting to release a null pointer. <4>[ 29.158070] Hardware name: Google Quigon sku196612/196613 board (DT) <4>[ 29.158076] Workqueue: hci0 hci_cmd_sync_work [bluetooth] <4>[ 29.158154] pstate: 20400009 (nzCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) <4>[ 29.158162] pc : klist_remove+0x90/0x158 <4>[ 29.158174] lr : klist_remove+0x88/0x158 <4>[ 29.158180] sp : ffffffc0846b3c00 <4>[ 29.158185] pmr_save: 000000e0 <4>[ 29.158188] x29: ffffffc0846b3c30 x28: ffffff80cd31f880 x27: ffffff80c1bdc058 <4>[ 29.158199] x26: dead000000000100 x25: ffffffdbdc624ea3 x24: ffffff80c1bdc4c0 <4>[ 29.158209] x23: ffffffdbdc62a3e6 x22: ffffff80c6c07000 x21: ffffffdbdc829290 <4>[ 29.158219] x20: 0000000000000000 x19: ffffff80cd3e0648 x18: 000000031ec97781 <4>[ 29.158229] x17: ffffff80c1bdc4a8 x16: ffffffdc10576548 x15: ffffff80c1180428 <4>[ 29.158238] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 000000000000e380 x12: 0000000000000018 <4>[ 29.158248] x11: ffffff80c2a7fd10 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 0000000100000000 <4>[ 29.158257] x8 : 0000000000000000 x7 : 7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f x6 : 2d7223ff6364626d <4>[ 29.158266] x5 : 0000008000000000 x4 : 0000000000000020 x3 : 2e7325006465636e <4>[ 29.158275] x2 : ffffffdc11afeff8 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffffffdc11be4d0c <4>[ 29.158285] Call trace: <4>[ 29.158290] klist_remove+0x90/0x158 <4>[ 29.158298] device_release_driver_internal+0x20c/0x268 <4>[ 29.158308] device_release_driver+0x1c/0x30 <4>[ 29.158316] usb_driver_release_interface+0x70/0x88 <4>[ 29.158325] btusb_mtk_release_iso_intf+0x68/0xd8 [btusb (HASH:e8b6 5)] <4>[ 29.158347] btusb_mtk_reset+0x5c/0x480 [btusb (HASH:e8b6 5)] <4>[ 29.158361] hci_cmd_sync_work+0x10c/0x188 [bluetooth (HASH:a4fa 6)] <4>[ 29.158430] process_scheduled_works+0x258/0x4e8 <4>[ 29.158441] worker_thread+0x300/0x428 <4>[ 29.158448] kthread+0x108/0x1d0 <4>[ 29.158455] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 <0>[ 29.158467] Code: 91343000 940139d1 f9400268 927ff914 (f9401297) <4>[ 29.158474] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- <0>[ 29.167129] Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops: Fatal exception <2>[ 29.167144] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs <4>[ 29.167158] ------------[ cut here ]------------ | ||||
| CVE-2025-68724 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 5.5 Medium |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: asymmetric_keys - prevent overflow in asymmetric_key_generate_id Use check_add_overflow() to guard against potential integer overflows when adding the binary blob lengths and the size of an asymmetric_key_id structure and return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW) accordingly. This prevents a possible buffer overflow when copying data from potentially malicious X.509 certificate fields that can be arbitrarily large, such as ASN.1 INTEGER serial numbers, issuer names, etc. | ||||
| CVE-2023-54038 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_conn: return ERR_PTR instead of NULL when there is no link hci_connect_sco currently returns NULL when there is no link (i.e. when hci_conn_link() returns NULL). sco_connect() expects an ERR_PTR in case of any error (see line 266 in sco.c). Thus, hcon set as NULL passes through to sco_conn_add(), which tries to get hcon->hdev, resulting in dereferencing a NULL pointer as reported by syzkaller. The same issue exists for iso_connect_cis() calling hci_connect_cis(). Thus, make hci_connect_sco() and hci_connect_cis() return ERR_PTR instead of NULL. | ||||
| CVE-2023-53794 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | 7.0 High |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: fix session state check in reconnect to avoid use-after-free issue Don't collect exiting session in smb2_reconnect_server(), because it will be released soon. Note that the exiting session will stay in server->smb_ses_list until it complete the cifs_free_ipc() and logoff() and then delete itself from the list. | ||||
| CVE-2025-68290 | 1 Linux | 1 Linux Kernel | 2026-04-15 | N/A |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: most: usb: fix double free on late probe failure The MOST subsystem has a non-standard registration function which frees the interface on registration failures and on deregistration. This unsurprisingly leads to bugs in the MOST drivers, and a couple of recent changes turned a reference underflow and use-after-free in the USB driver into several double free and a use-after-free on late probe failures. | ||||