ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to version 4.4.0, Zebra's block validator undercounts transparent signature operations against the 20000-sigop block limit (MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS), allowing it to accept blocks that zcashd rejects with bad-blk-sigops. A miner who produces such a block can split the network: Zebra nodes follow the offending chain while zcashd nodes do not. This issue has been patched in version 4.4.0.

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Attack Requirements None

User Interaction None

Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact None

Vulnerable System Integrity Impact High

Vulnerable System Availability Impact None

Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact None

Subsequent System Integrity Impact High

Subsequent System Availability Impact None

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact None

Integrity Impact High

Availability Impact None

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

No EPSS score available.

Key SSVC decision points have not yet been added.

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions
ZcashFoundation zebra affected
Version Status Constraints
< 4.4.0 affected —

Configuration 1 [-]

cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebrad:*:*:*:*:*:rust:*:*

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Project Subscriptions

Vendors Products
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Zebrad Subscribe
Advisories
Source ID Title
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-jv4h-j224-23cc Zebra's Block Validator Undercounts Coinbase and P2SH Sigops
Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References
Link Providers
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v4.4.0 cve-icon cve-icon
https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-jv4h-j224-23cc cve-icon cve-icon
History

Fri, 08 May 2026 18:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Zfnd
Zfnd zebrad
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebrad:*:*:*:*:*:rust:*:*
Vendors & Products Zfnd
Zfnd zebrad
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N'}

Fri, 08 May 2026 15:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to version 4.4.0, Zebra's block validator undercounts transparent signature operations against the 20000-sigop block limit (MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS), allowing it to accept blocks that zcashd rejects with bad-blk-sigops. A miner who produces such a block can split the network: Zebra nodes follow the offending chain while zcashd nodes do not. This issue has been patched in version 4.4.0.
Title ZEBRA: Block Validator Undercounts Coinbase and P2SH Sigops
Weaknesses CWE-682
References
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 9.2, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N'}

Projects

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cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: GitHub_M

Published:

Updated: 2026-05-08T15:09:09.919Z

Reserved: 2026-05-06T18:28:20.886Z

Link: CVE-2026-44498

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Analyzed

Published: 2026-05-08T15:17:01.637

Modified: 2026-05-08T18:40:55.383

Link: CVE-2026-44498

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-05-08T19:15:14Z

Weaknesses